A rash on the skin - it's not always a sign of infection or skin disease. Quite often, the rash appears in various diseases of internal organs, especially the chronic - so our body sends a signal that it is not wrong.

Causes skin rashes and its species

The rash - a signal the body about any troubles. It occurs when certain infections, allergic reactions, skin diseases, and sometimes chronic diseases of internal organs and systems.

Rash occurs due to the fact that infectious agents and their toxins, metabolic products or allergic reactions fall into the skin, irritating it and causing it to respond with the eruption. Sometimes there is a contact skin irritation, including allergic.

Rash In some cases, it is very characteristic (such as chickenpox or measles), and sometimes it is similar to several diseases and thus requires dynamic monitoring of the doctor to the correct diagnosis.

Rash is divided into two types - primary and secondary.

Primary rash

Primary rash appears on the skin clean. The elements include the initial eruption spot papule, vesicle, pustule, tubercle, node.

Spot - limited changes in skin color without changing its topography and consistency .  There are spots vascular, pigment and artificial .  Vascular patches in turn are divided into inflammatory and noninflammatory .  Inflammatory stains pink or red, often slightly cyanotic, pale with pressure or disappear, and the pressure is reduced at the termination of the color .  They are divided into roseola (up to one centimeter in diameter, such as rash secondary syphilis) and erythema (more than five centimeters in diameter, for example, allergic dermatitis) .  The appearance of stains caused by the expansion of non-inflammatory vascular permeability or breach their walls .  They do not change color when pressed (eg, telangiectasia - expansion of small blood vessels in the form of stars or hemorrhagic noninflammatory spot in violation of the permeability of vascular wall) .  Hemorrhagic spots gradually disappear, changing its color from dark red to yellow-green .  They are divided into petechiae (point), purpura (up to one centimeter in diameter), linear, ecchymosis (large, irregular shape) .  For example, in meningococcal disease rash may initially be in the form of petechiae, and then gradually increases in size and may take the form ecchymosis .  Pigmented lesions occur when excess (brown spots of varying intensity, such as chloasma) or negative (white depigmented spots, such as vitiligo) in the skin pigment melanin Which foods contain melanin - skin care . By artificially spots are tattoos.

Papule - a bespolostnoy member firm or soft consistency, of various sizes (one millimeter) and shape (round, oval, formless), towering over healthy skin. Passes papular rash without scarring. This rash typical for measles, rubella Roseola , Secondary syphilis.

Vial (vesicle) when congestion occurs in the epidermis tissue fluids to form a cavity of small size. The vial is on a slightly reddened and edematous skin (eg rash with blisters Rash: Classification - primary and secondary elements   chickenpox).

Abscess (pustules) - it's the same bubble, but with pus (eg, acne). If a pustule is formed not on their own, and of the other elements of rash (eg, bubble), it is secondary.

Bump (its size to five millimeters) appears at the site of inflammation when cells grow there. The bumps may coalesce and ulcerate (eg bumps with tertiary syphilis).

Node has a diameter greater than one centimeter and is located deeper than the hump. There it is inflammatory, metabolic processes in the skin and tumors. Permission is granted without scarring (eg, nodes in erythema nodosum).

Secondary rash

Secondary rash appears on the basis of primary, its elements are:

• Erosion - Surface violation of the integrity of the skin or mucous membrane occurs because vesicles and pustules, heals without scar formation (such as eczema);
• ulcer - a deep violation of the integrity of the skin, which arises from the pustules, bumps and allowed the formation of the scar;
• scar - healing occurs when pustules, nodules bumps and other elements; It consists of connective tissue;
• peel - some drying occurs when primary cells rash (vesicles and pustules) has a color that depends on what was the primary element (from yellow to brown);
• scales - the image of the surface stratum of skin cells on the surface of papules and patches (eg, psoriasis);
• Atrophy - occurs when the blood supply of the wrong area of ​​skin or mucosa, resulting in decreases in volume portion;
• lichenification - occurs with prolonged inflammatory processes of the skin, resulting in skin hardening and strengthening its pattern (e.g., neurodermatitis);
• vegetation - occur after resolution of ulcers and are growths of the surface layers of the skin, towering over healthy skin.

Galina Romanenko

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