What is reflux and why it occurs

Reflux - is a passive movement (wicking) the liquid contents of hollow organs or vessels to the contrary, the opposite physiological direction. Such reverse movement takes place in cases where these organs and systems increased pressure impairs the function of the valve apparatus or sphincter (ring-shaped muscle, closing or narrowing of the various holes), which normally prevent backflow of fluid.

The title of reflux reflected two bodies: the first - where is cast, the second - where the liquid falls, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, duodenal, vesicoureteral and so on. Identification of reflux often helps to recognize the underlying disease. Reflux should be identified and in order to properly treat the disease by eliminating the reflux, which supports and strengthens the pathological process. The most important are refluxes in the venous system in the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract.

Reflux in the venous system

Reflux of blood is most frequently observed in varicose veins of the lower extremities, where it occurs in connection with the venous valvular insufficiency. With a significant and widespread varicose veins Varicose veins - when to consult a surgeon?   because reflux is broken as the local blood circulation and overall circulatory system, which is characterized by a decrease in venous return to the heart. Treatment of reflux in the venous system - a treatment for varicose veins.

Reflux in organs of the gastrointestinal tract

There are several types of reflux in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract:

• Gastroesophageal reflux - wicking of gastric contents into the esophagus,
• duodenal reflux - leaking contents of 12 duodenal ulcer in the stomach,
• pancreatobiliary reflux - leaking pancreatic juice into the biliary tract and gallbladder, biliary-pancreatic reflux - leaking bile into the pancreatic duct and stuff.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease indicates the lower esophageal sphincter (cardia sphincter) - anatomical defects muscular ring that may occur after surgery on the stomach with ulcers (especially in the acute phase), and chronic inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) .  Stimulation of the esophageal mucosa acidic stomach contents cause its inflammation - reflux esophagitis and may lead to ulceration of the esophagus .  Manifested reflux esophagitis mainly heartburn (sometimes with burning pain) that occurs in the horizontal position of the patient and decreases with rising .  Recognition of this reflux is possible using X-ray contrast studies of the stomach and endoscopic examination of the esophagus and stomach (esophagogastroscopy) .  Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease - a treatment of the underlying disease, it caused .  Held also stimulate the cardiac sphincter .

Duodenal reflux is associated with failure pylorus. Pylorus - a sphincter that separates the stomach from the point where they exit from the duodenum 12 and functions as a regulator of receipt acidic gastric contents into the intestine as it is ready to receive food. This reflux occurs when a peptic ulcer 12 duodenal ulcer, inflammation of the gallbladder and pancreas, stomach or after removal of part of it. Alkaline conditions and intestinal bile acid content reduced gastric acidity, dissolve mucous and gastric damage the gastric mucosa to form thereon erosions and ulcers. The diagnosis is confirmed by radiological and endoscopic methods of investigation. Treatment of the reflux - a treatment of the underlying disease.

Reflux in the urinary tract

The first descriptions of reflux of urine in urological diseases emerged in the mid-19th century, and its detection methods have started to develop and apply the second half of the last century. There are the following types of urinary reflux: junction renal reflux - from the renal pelvis into the parenchyma of the kidney and its vessels, ureterovaginal venous and ureterovaginal lymph - from the ureter into large veins and lymphatic vessels, vesico-mochetochnokovo-junction - from the bladder into the ureters and renal pelvis; uretrovenozny - from the urinary canal into the veins of the pelvis; uretroeyakulyatorny - from urinary channel vas deferens.

Most importantly, the pelvic-renal reflux, which occurs with increasing vnutrilohanochnogo pressure as a result of blockage of the ureter stone inflection ureter, and various kidney diseases. Signs of kidney junction reflux is acute pain in the kidneys, chills, fever, signs of inflammatory reaction in the general analysis of blood. This reflux may be complicated by inflammation of the kidneys and sepsis (blood poisoning). To confirm the diagnosis X-ray examinations carried out with the introduction of contrast agents and radioisotope studies. Treatment and prevention of renal junction reflux are reduced to the timely resolution of obstruction of the urinary tract.

Prevention of reflux - is the right way of life.

Galina Romanenko