Types of chronic pancreatitis

The most common chronic pancreatitis occurs at various eating disorders, eating spicy and fatty foods, alcohol abuse. The danger of this disease in that it provides numerous complications, including can move in pancreatic cancer.

Chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) is usually detected vposle forty years, more frequently in women. In children, chronic pancreatitis is rare.

Are primary chronic pancreatitis, wherein the inflammatory process at the outset located in the pancreas, and a secondary or concomitant pancreatitis, which is a complication of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as peptic ulcer, gastritis, cholecystitis Cholecystitis - heredity plays a role?   and so on.

Causes of primary chronic pancreatitis diverse. Chronic pancreatitis can be formed of incompletely dolechennogo acute pancreatitis. But more often the disease develops gradually under the influence of wrong indiscriminate power, frequent consumption of fatty, fried, spicy, smoked food, alcohol, especially when combined with a diet deficient in protein and vitamins.

Secondary chronic pancreatitis may cause germination (penetration) gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer in the pancreas, poor circulation in the pancreas against the background of atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis - when problems with blood vessels   or other cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, intoxication and so on.

Contributing factors to the development of chronic pancreatitis are spasms or persistent narrowing (stenosis) excretory duct of the pancreas, which leads to stagnation of secretions. Such an obstacle activates the activity of the main pancreatic enzymes (trypsin, and lipase), which are beginning to dissolve their own pancreatic tissue. Activation of some other enzymes leads to the defeat of the blood vessels in the area and the development of edema and necrosis (dying off) gland tissue.

In chronic pancreatitis, caused by an infection, an infectious agent can penetrate into the pancreas from the intestines (for example, dysbacterioses or diarrhea) or biliary tract (with the inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract).

According to the changes that occur in the pancreas, chronic pancreatitis is divided into chronic recurrent pancreatitis and chronic sclerosing pancreatitis.

Each exacerbation of chronic recurrent pancreatitis accompanied by the formation of fresh foci of necrosis (dying off) pancreatic tissue and the surrounding fatty tissue. At the site of tissue necrosis occurs calcification, the formation of small cysts and so on. In chronic sclerosing pancreatitis occurs in iron proliferation of connective tissue, which replaces the own tissue of the pancreas.

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis can occur in different ways, but in most cases it is characterized by the appearance of pain in the upper abdomen and left upper quadrant, diarrhea, weight loss, vitamin deficiency and diabetes Diabetes .

The pain often gives in the back or a character shingles, reinforced with the patient supine and may subside in a sitting position, especially with a small inclination forward. Pain can also give to the heart - such pain can be mistaken for the heart. The pain may be constant (aching) or transient (paroxysmal), often they are associated with eating (may appear some time after the meal).

Diarrhea (pancreatic dyspepsia) are common, especially during exacerbation of the disease or severe disease. Kal thus has the character of mushy, fetid with greasy luster. Sometimes diarrhea alternating with constipation. In patients with loss of appetite, they are particularly troublesome fatty foods. With the development of the diabetes develop severe hunger and thirst. Often develop excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension (flatulence). Due to the development of secretory failure disrupted the process of digestion, vitamin deficiency develops, patients lose weight. Appears depressed mood (depression) and other psychiatric disorders.

The disease is usually a long, lingering. Chronic pancreatitis may be complicated by the formation of cysts of the pancreas, the surrounding vein thrombosis and cancer of the pancreas.

Treatment of chronic pancreatitis

In the initial stages of the disease and complications without having conducted conservative treatment (no surgery). During exacerbations better to be treated in hospital. Conservative treatment is aimed at creating conditions for the sparing of the pancreas, to eliminate factors supporting the inflammatory process, to fight pain and compensation secretory failure.

Power should be part of the patient, fractional, small portions. Eliminate alcohol, spicy, fatty, fried, pickled dishes, strong broth, hot and cold dishes (everything should be warm).

Drug treatment includes analgesics, enzyme preparations, vitamins, blood protein preparations and so on. After calming down aggravation recommended spa treatment.

Surgical treatment is carried out in the presence of cysts, fistulas (abnormal communications from the surface of the body or other cavities) and stones in the ducts of the pancreas, which violate the outflow of pancreatic juice.

Prevention of chronic pancreatitis consists of treating diseases that contribute to its occurrence.

Galina Romanenko