Polyps - it is a widespread phenomenon. They may appear in the hollow body against chronic infectious-inflammatory process. In the field of uterine polyps are most often the result of hormonal disorders Hormonal disorders: causes and the most frequent disease . Polyps must be removed because they can regenerate into malignant tumors.

What are polyps, how and why they occur

Polyps - abnormal growths is the mucous membrane that covers the inside of hollow organs. Polyps can be formed in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, in the stomach, intestine, gall bladder, uterus and bladder. Sometimes there are several polyps, and then diagnosed with multiple polyps. If polyps are so many, we speak of polyposis.

As a rule, seemingly polyp is a soft pink education as a node on a thin stalk. Sometimes the leg can be quite long, which leads to torsion of the polyp and the appearance of complications such as poor circulation in the area, necrosis (tissue death), and bleeding. Polyps may also have a different shape and consistency, broad or narrow base, smooth, lobed or villous surface, a diameter of several millimeters to several centimeters.

Polyps may be true, and tumor originating from the epithelium (papilloma), glandular (adenoma), connective (fibroids), fat (lipoma) tissues. These tumors can be located under the mucous membrane, lift it and protrudes into the lumen of the body, creating a picture of a polyp. Appearance polyp can have malignant tumors, especially in the initial stage.

The cause of the polyps are most often long flowing inflammatory and allergic processes, as well as hormonal disorders. In the field of gastrointestinal polyps are often formed on the background of recovery (regenerative) processes when mucosal damage the stomach or intestines grows too much. Placental polyp can form in the lining of the uterus as a result of incomplete abortion Abortion - is always a risk   or after childbirth in place inseparable parts of the placenta.

Large polyps can disrupt the function of the body, where they appeared, for example, nasal polyps can be broken nasal breathing. Polyps may also be malignant, that is reborn in malignant tumors, so they require timely detection and removal.

How to identify polyps

Polyps of the internal organs can occur completely asymptomatic and be detected by chance in the survey is not related to their appearance. But they can also occur with pronounced symptoms. Manifestations of polyps are dependent on their location, structure, size, and the prevalence of complications arising. For example, if nasal polyps Nasal polyps: a common problem   impaired nasal breathing, with uterine polyps may appear uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation and severe pain in the lower abdomen. Polyps can reveal various studies. But more often resorted to the endoscopic examination - examination of the mucous membrane of the internal organs with the help of special optical equipment. Modern endoscopes allow us to consider any mucous membrane of the hollow body. For inspection of the nasal mucosa apply rinoskopii bladder - cystoscopy, uterus - hysteroscopy stomach - gastroscopy, intestines - colonoscopy.

With endoscopic equipment can be a good look at the condition of the mucous membrane of the hollow body, if necessary, take a piece of tissue for histological examination (microscopically determined by the nature of the polyp or tumor tissue). Most diagnostic endoscopy go into treatment with the removal of a polyp, cauterization of the bleeding blood vessel.

Treatment of polyps

Treatment of polyps can be surgically only. The identified polyps removed. If polyps are isolated, they can be removed with endoscopic equipment, sometimes it is done immediately during the diagnostic study, and then polyp tissue required to be sent for histological examination to the laboratory to exclude malignancy.

If multiple polyps, the nature of the operation depends on the size and degree of organ dysfunction. For example, if multiple polyps of the uterus scraped her mucosa, followed by conservative treatment to restore the hormonal levels. For large intestinal polyps, intestinal permeability violate, sometimes have to resort to bowel resection.

Identifying and removing polyps in any organ should be done in a timely manner.

Galina Romanenko

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