Hemangioma - a vascular tumor, which is a consequence of congenital malformations of blood vessels located in different organs and tissues. This is not only a cosmetic defect (although this is of great importance, for example, if gemengioma located on the face), but also the danger of complications, including bleeding.

The causes of hemangioma

Hemangioma - a benign tumor that develops from blood vessels. Most hemangiomas detected immediately after birth, is therefore considered a birth defect. Hemangioma almost never degenerates into a malignant tumor.

Gemengioma walls formed of atypically positioned blood vessels. In this form, or plexus of small blood vessels (capillary hemangioma), or a sufficiently large cavity filled with blood (cavernous hemangioma). Hemangiomas may also have the form of points, branches and so forth.

Sometimes changes in the blood vessels are combined with changes in the lymphatic vessels, a disease called gemolimfangiomoy.

Causes of hemangiomas may not be established, but it is believed to have the disease and the importance of taking medication during the first three to six weeks of pregnancy, when there is a tab of the vascular system.

As shown

Hemangiomas may be placed on the skin, in the subcutaneous tissue in the area of ​​the mucous membranes, muscles, tendons, bones and internal organs. The most common hemangioma is still positioned on the skin, a favorite place - the face, scalp and neck. Less they develop in other parts of the human body.

Hemangioma can already be noted at birth. Girls have a defect in development more often than boys. Typically, hemangiomas are single, but in some cases there are multiple hemangiomas.

In the course of the disease are three stages, which are usually subject to all hemangiomas:

• The first stage - the active growth; This stage usually begins one month after birth (sometimes three months) and grows up to six months, sometimes longer;
• the second stage - the cessation of growth - lasts from 6-8 months up to six years;
• The third stage - the return of a zapustevaniem vessels - sometimes lasts up to school age.

But not all hemangiomas are these stages, some (especially large ones) are not subjected to reverse development. There are also such hemangiomas, which are constantly growing. Hemangioma can reach s large size and capture a large part of the face, resulting in a cosmetic and functional defects.

Externally capillary hemangioma of the skin appears as red, pink or bluish stain that pales when pressed.

Cavernous hemangioma of skin and subcutaneous tissue is a clear demarcation of the formation of dark red or purple What color goes purple: a new look . Cavernous hemangioma usually covered intact skin and has a variety of sizes (from a few millimeters up to 10-20 cm or more). This hemangioma is smooth to the touch (sometimes bumpy), soft, with pressure quickly fades and almost merges with the skin, and then just as quickly regains its color. Sometimes cavernous hemangioma may spontaneously disappear. In some cases, develop multiple cavernous hemangiomas.

One kind of hemangioma is creeping hemangioma - symmetric skin lesions on both sides with atrophy (decrease its volume) tissues. If a hemangioma of the skin combined with the growth of connective tissue, then talk about the angiofibroma.

Arterial hemangioma develops mainly in the subcutaneous tissue and a few soft pulsing entities linked branched vasodilation. The skin over a hemangioma typically is not changed, or has a bluish violet color. Sometimes arterial hemangioma grows into the surrounding tissue, for example, in muscle.

Mucosal hemangiomas often develops in the lips, hemangiomas of bone - in the spine, skull bones, pelvis and limbs, internal organs - the liver (but can develop in any other organ).

Hemangiomas usually goes unnoticed, but may be complicated by bleeding (eg, after an injury), the development of thrombosis and thrombophlebitis. In addition, large hemangiomas may interfere with the function of other organs, squeeze the surrounding tissue.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis of hemangiomas of the skin and visible mucous membranes are usually not difficult. Uncomplicated hemangiomas of internal organs and tissues, most often detected by chance during examination for another reason.

If hemangioma is a significant cosmetic defect or cause complications, it is removed by means of laser or radionozha. Very large hemangiomas are removed in stages.

Galina Romanenko