Types of cholecystitis

Cholecystitis - one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. What lies behind it all well-known name? Cholecystitis - an inflammation of the gallbladder. Very often in the elderly is an inflammation caused by the presence of stones in the gallbladder. In children and young cholecystitis frequently occurs without the presence of stones. In the long course of time such cholecystitis gallbladder stones are formed.

What causes cholecystitis

The main factors that cause cholecystitis - a stagnation of bile in the gall bladder and bacterial infection. When these two factors are connected, there is inflammation of the gallbladder. A role in the occurrence of cholecystitis also plays heredity.

The reason for the stagnation of bile in the gall bladder may be a violation of motor (motor activity), bile ducts, congenital changes in the gall bladder, such as narrowing of the output card of the gallbladder (bile output locations in 12 duodenal ulcer), etc.

Pathogens penetrate into the gallbladder from the intestine and from distant foci of infection with angina, caries, sinusitis, etc. from blood or lymph. Cholecystitis may occur against the backdrop of parasitic diseases, such as giardiasis, ascariasis, and others.

Cholecystitis can begin acutely or gradually recovered from this acute and chronic cholecystitis.

Acute cholecystitis

Acute cholecystitis occurs in people of all ages, but most of them fall ill obese women over 50 years old. Most often this occurs when blockage cholecystitis biliary tract stone. Acalculous acute cholecystitis are much rarer.

Manifestations of the disease depend on changes in the gall bladder and the duration of the disease, presence of complications and the overall resistance of the organism. Often a harbinger of acute cholecystitis is a colic in the right upper quadrant. Most often this occurs a few hours after a dense and greasy lunch or dinner. Colic usually occurs because of blockage of the cystic duct stone. Pain attack lasts from several minutes to several hours and held their own or after the introduction of antispasmodics (means causing relaxation of muscles of internal organs), for example, shpy.

When an attack of acute cholecystitis is attached to the stagnation of bile inflammation caused by infection. Give pain in the back, under the right collarbone, sometimes worn shingles character. Often joins vomiting, fever. When blockage of the common bile flow of the patient's skin color turns yellow - the so-called jaundice. Stomach painful at a palpation can be seen strain of abdomen muscles, which prevents the stomach probe deeply - this is a sign of "acute" abdomen that requires treatment only in the surgical ward.

Treatment of acute cholecystitis

When a fit of acute cholecystitis should not take painkillers because they can smooth out the picture of the disease and lead to the fact that will not be seen the moment of perforation of the gallbladder.

In the surgical department, if there is no indication for surgery, appointed bed rest, diet, pain and relieves muscle spasm of the internal organs medications. If necessary, antibiotics are also prescribed.

If there is a suspicion of perforation of the gallbladder or any other complication, surgery is carried out - removed the stone that caused the blockage of the ducts or the gallbladder is full.

Chronic cholecystitis

Chronic cholecystitis can occur alone or be the outcome of acute cholecystitis. In chronic cholecystitis, gallbladder stones may be (calculous cholecystitis), but sometimes they may not be. The walls of the gallbladder become dense, poorly reduced, which contributes to the stagnation of bile.

Cholecystitis symptoms begin is the emergence of bitterness in the mouth Bitterness in the mouth , A feeling of heaviness and pain in the right upper quadrant. It appears as belching, nausea, vomiting.

Chronic cholecystitis proceeds with periodic exacerbations, and then the picture takes on the character of acute cholecystitis. Exacerbations are most often caused by errors in diet, physical activity and high-transferred diseases of other organs.

Treatment of chronic cholecystitis

Chronic calculous cholecystitis and complicated forms nekalkuleznogo (without stones) shall be cholecystitis surgery.

Conservative (without surgery) treatment is aimed at eliminating inflammation, stagnation of bile, the restoration of normal motor activity of the biliary tract. During exacerbation of mandatory bed rest and strict adherence to a diet (fractional diet, light diet - low-fat foods boiled or steamed).

Prevention of cholecystitis

It is proper nutrition Proper nutrition: I stopped eating at night , Adherence to the day, restful sleep, the fight against sedentary lifestyles and obesity, timely correct treatment of acute cholecystitis.

Galina Romanenko

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