Dandruff - a catastrophe on his head

Dandruff - a catastrophe on his head
Shampoos

dandruff Dandruff - a syndrome that is characterized by abundant flakes peeling scalp, and sometimes itching. Although it is not contagious and is rarely found in severe forms, it is difficult to treat, and can cause significant psychological distress.

Peeling skin flakes and itching very often aggravated in winter, when heating contributes to more dry skin.

Generally, dandruff can be controlled by a variety of non-prescription tools, including - Conventional dandruff shampoos. To the doctor should contact if they do not help, and / or very abundant dandruff and severe itching of the scalp.

Causes

Dry skin. Ordinary dry skin is the most common cause of dandruff. Skin flakes in this case is usually not less fat such as dandruff, which has other causes.
Irritated, oily skin (seborrheic dermatitis). For this disorder is characterized by red, greasy skin covered with white or yellowish scales. Seborrheic dermatitis can affect not only the scalp, but other areas of the skin, which are many sebaceous glands, such as the eyebrows, nostrils, skin behind the ears, groin area, and sometimes the armpits.
Poor hygiene. If a person is rarely washes her head, sebum and dead skin cells will accumulate on the scalp, dandruff forming.
Psoriasis. This skin disease is the accumulation of dead skin cells that form thick gray scales. Typically, the symptoms of psoriasis appear on the knees, elbows, trunk, but in some cases may appear on the scalp. In cases where it affects only the scalp, it may be difficult to distinguish from seborrheic dermatitis.
Eczema. If eczema hit any part of the skin, and it can affect the scalp, resulting in the appearance of dandruff.
Reaction products are not hair care Hair Care - Take care of nutrition (contact dermatitis). Some ingredients of products for hair care and hair dyes can cause a negative reaction, the signs of which are redness, itching and flaking of the scalp. This is particularly dangerous in the sense of paraphenylene diamine. Very frequent washing of the head can also cause skin irritation and dandruff.
Yeasts (Malassezia). These fungi live on the scalp most adults without causing any problems. However, in some cases, they begin to multiply uncontrollably, eating oils that produce hair follicles. It causes skin irritation and can cause excessive skin cell growth. As a result, more cells begins to wither away; mixing oils on the scalp, they form flakes or dandruff. It is not known what causes the rapid proliferation of Malassezia. The alleged reasons are: hormonal changes, stress, neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, immune system suppression.

What is the danger of dandruff

Often referred to as dandruff disease that eventually leads to hair loss. This is not entirely true. By itself, the dandruff is not a disease - it is just a syndrome that is characterized by high speed peeling skin flakes on the scalp. This phenomenon is unpleasant, but not dangerous.

Dandruff is not only a medical problem, as cosmetic and Social: People with dandruff looks untidy, unattractive neuhozheno and if he disregards the elementary rules of hygiene. Thus, the presence of dandruff can make it difficult to communicate with people.

Despite the fact that dandruff is not an independent disease, you should not treat it lightly - this syndrome often accompanies many skin diseases such as pityriasis versicolor, seborrhea and psoriasis. The causes of dandruff quite diverse - in addition to dermatological diseases are common fungal skin and allergic reactions. Often dandruff appears on the very rare shampooing, but too frequent washing of aggressive agents may lead to increased flaking of the scalp.

There are also frequent cases where dandruff occurs due to a whole range of different reasons. In any case, dandruff signals any violations of normal life, so when it appears, it is recommended not to buy in the store advertised means, and examined by a doctor.

Allergic reactions or hypersensitivity

Sometimes the skin under the hair Hair: structure, characteristics of growth and development It starts to peel off after using a new shampoo, balm or hair mask. If the first of these problems with the scalp does not occur, it can be assumed that the cause of dandruff become allergic reaction to one or another component of the cosmetic product.

In this situation, the problem of dandruff can be solved very simply. Enough to give up the wrong shampoo or balm, and scalp quickly returns to normal, dandruff disappears.

Seborrhea

Seborrhea different disorder called sebum production and change the composition of secretions of the sebaceous glands. This disease can occur at any age, but most often it is accompanied by hormonal changes the body at puberty. Teenage seborrhea often called physiological: it usually takes place when puberty ends.

Also, seborrhea is often accompanied by various hormonal disorders in which increased production of androgens. Some types of hormone therapy, the administration of drugs to build muscle and biotin vitamin deficiencies can also cause seborrhea. Finally, the cause of the disorder of the sebaceous glands may be some mental and physical illnesses.

There are three varieties of seborrhea: oily, dry or mixed. Oily seborrhea often appears at women and adolescents. This state is characterized by enlarged pores, blackheads and acne lesions. The hair becomes greasy, dandruff flakes are large, with a yellowish tinge. When dry seborrhea picture is different. Reduced sebaceous excretions, dandruff abundant, powdery. The hair becomes dry, brittle, easily fall out. Mixed seborrhea is characterized by signs of oily and dry seborrhea simultaneously.

Seborrhea Treatment should be complex. It is necessary to correct the hormonal, nervous system examined, avoid stress and eat right. The positive effect of vitamin and renders. In the absence of contraindications for women with seborrhea are often prescribed oral contraceptives, which contribute to the normalization of hormonal levels.

Fungal skin lesions

In the human body there are many so-called "opportunistic" microorganisms, fungi and bacteria. When a person is healthy, his companions, these are perfectly harmless, their influence has successfully neutralized the other, beneficial microorganisms. However, the fall of immunity, stress, and any disease can lead to beneficial flora that becomes smaller. As a result of opportunistic organisms begin to multiply, which can lead to various diseases.

The increased production of sebum with seborrhea is conducive to breeding opportunistic yeasts (eg, Pityrosporum Ovale and others). The result of the activity of these fungi is enhanced normal flaking of the skin, and there is dandruff. To treat dandruff is to find out to which belong to the genus fungi that caused the syndrome. Only after this treatment is prescribed by individually selected antifungals.

Risk factors

Dandruff can occur in almost anyone, but the following factors increase the risk of its occurrence:

Age. The most common dandruff occurs in people 30 to 55 years.
Male. Since dandruff in men is more common than in women, the researchers suggest that in its formation play the role of male hormones. Moreover, sebaceous glands of the scalp in men more, which also increases the likelihood of dandruff.
Poor diet. The lack of zinc, vitamin B and some types of fat may be an indirect cause of dandruff.

Treatment

In most cases, unable to get rid of dandruff, or at least control it successfully, with the help of shampoos:

Shampoos containing zinc pyrithione (for example, Head & Shoulders). Perition Zinc is an antibacterial and antifungal agent.
Shampoos on the basis of coal tar (for example, Neutrogena T / Gel). Coal tar helps with seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis by slowing down the process of cell death and the formation of scales.
Shampoos with salicylic acid (e.g., Ionil T). These shampoos can be called scrub the scalp. They remove a significant portion of dead skin cells, but it can make the skin dry, which again comes to the appearance of dandruff. Using these shampoos, never forget about air conditioning.
Shampoos with selenium sulfide Selenium in food - in small doses is useful (eg, Selsun Blue). Selenium sulfide slows cell death of the skin and may reduce the amount of fungus Malassezia. Because these shampoos can discolor hair, use them, just follow the instructions.
Shampoos with ketoconazole (eg, Nizoral). Ketoconazole - strong antifungal agent; such shampoos can cope with the cases when other proven ineffective. There are both non-prescription shampoos with ketoconazole and those sold only on prescription.