Ovarian cyst is a common gynecological diseases. In some cases, the disease occurs in a complicated form, therefore attaches great importance to the timely implementation of the complex of diagnostic measures. To answer the question, how to recognize the ovarian cysts, the specialist is an individual plan of survey taking into account the specific clinical situation.

The value of pelvic exam

Quite often, a gynecologist treated women who complained of abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities Violation of the menstrual cycle: types and causes . These complaints may be the clinical manifestation of various gynecological diseases, including ovarian cysts. Gynecologist based on an objective examination of the patient sets the preliminary diagnosis, to confirm that possible after the patient will take a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination.

These bimanual examination reveals the following changes in the appendages:

• the presence of tumor formation in appendages on one or both sides
• formation dimensions may vary from small to large entities that may disrupt the functional activity related organs (bladder, bowel)
• consistency depends on the formation of cysts, it can be myagkoelastichnoy or tugoelastichnoy
• in the presence of a cyst at the foot formation is easily displaced, it is movable
• the absence of severe pain syndrome

In most clinical cases of ovarian cysts are asymptomatic, so the diagnostic plan main role belongs to instrumental methods.

That allows definitively establish the diagnosis

For the purpose of detailed study of the structure of the cyst performed an instrumental study, which to date has great potential. The most common, affordable method of research is ultrasound (ultrasound of the pelvic organs). Based on the results of the study can be estimated building walls appendages tumor formation and the nature of domestic content. From the standpoint of diagnostic value should use a vaginal probe.

For a more detailed examination of ovarian cysts is recommended to perform a CT scan or MRI. These modern methods of diagnosis applied to the final installation of the diagnosis. Layered study the structure of the cyst allows exclude a possible malignancy of Education (Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer). A significant drawback is the high cost of research, the lack of equipment of a number of medical institutions of the equipment that affect the introduction of instrumental methods of diagnosis in practice.

At the time of diagnostic laparoscopy can study in detail the education in the field of appendages directly under the control of the body. For this purpose, the abdominal cavity is entered miniature camera. Where indicated, it is possible to go directly to surgery to remove the cyst and the ovary.

Additional methods of research

The presence of tumor formation in the appendages of the study required in terms of oncological alertness. To this end, recently widely used tumor markers. This special substance of protein nature that are produced by cancer cells. But not always increase in blood levels of tumor markers is a significant factor in the presence of cancer.

If the patient revealed an ovarian cyst, you should take a blood test to determine the level of tumor marker CA-125, which is specific for ovarian cancer. It is proved that a significant increase in the level of the tumor marker is observed in malignant diseases of different localization (bowel, lung, pancreas). In the first step of the process no significant Cancer growth of tumor marker, whereas in the later stages of its level exceeds normal values ​​repeatedly.

In identifying tumor formation in the appendages necessary to include in the survey carried out by a complex of diagnostic measures. For more informative laboratory examination is recommended to explore the tumor markers in the complex, that is not a tumor marker of ovarian tumor diseases, and tumor marker CA-September 19, and on the testimony of others, which is determined by the clinical picture of the disease.

Before the proposed operation should be carried out endoscopic and X-ray examination, which will determine the status of the various parts of the digestive tract. This is due to the fact that there are anatomical relationship of the female reproductive system and intestines. Tumor processes of different nature in appendages may form a single conglomerate bowel. The data of X-ray inspection influence the choice of treatment policy in general and on the volume of surgical intervention.

With the development of complications of ovarian cysts may require the provision of emergency surgical care, so the volume of ongoing diagnostic measures must be complete to be able to timely select the correct treatment strategy for a short period of time.

Marina Solovyov

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