Blood pressure - a pressure that the blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels. The heart pumps blood into the arteries that carry it throughout the body. High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is very dangerous because it makes the heart work harder to pump blood, which leads to arteriosclerosis and heart failure. What are the causes of the causes of hypertension?
Unpleasant digits
Blood pressure is comprised of the upper (systolic) and lower (diastolic) number.
Considered normal pressure within 120/80.
Border hypertension occurs at a pressure of 120-139 / 80-89. The first stage of hypertension is put under a pressure of 140-159 / 90-99. The second step - the pressure is 160 or higher 100 or higher. People over the age of sixty years there has been a slight increase in pressure between 150 and up to 90 and above. People with pressure is not correct, you should consult a doctor to know how to reduce the pressure.
Risk factors
The exact causes of high blood pressure or hypertension is not yet known. But there are several factors and conditions that play a role. These include:
- smoking;
- overweight or obese;
- lack of physical activity;
- too much salt in the diet;
- alcohol abuse (more than one or two times a day);
- stress;
- advanced age;
- genetics;
- heredity;
- chronic kidney disease;
- disruption of the adrenal and thyroid glands.
External signs of high blood pressure or hypertension can not be.
You can feel good and not even suspect that you are suffering from hypertension. However, over time, if not to reduce high blood pressure, it can lead to heart disease, heart attack and kidney failure. To avoid all this, experts recommend to all who are over forty-five years (or even before, if you have the risk of hypertension), consult your doctor to keep your blood pressure under control.
Causes
- One of the most common causes of hypertension is age. Over the years, our blood arteries are not as flexible as before. Therefore, the same amount of blood is pumped into the lower portions of the arteries and hypertension may occur. Statistics show that more than 60% of older adults suffer from hypertension. Although age still can not be mandatory indication of high blood pressure.
- Another cause of high blood pressure - is a family history. So, if your parents have high blood pressure, then you also have the risk of this disease. Smoking also has a direct bearing on the development of hypertension, especially in older people.
- Alcohol abuse can also lead to an increase in pressure, or hypertension. For example, twenty grams of alcohol per day can significantly increase the urethral pressure. If you drink alcohol in large quantities and often, it can lead to such a high pressure that are not excluded, even strokes. In addition, alcohol reduces the effectiveness of medications that lower blood pressure.
- People with overweight or obese are also at risk to earn a hypertension due to excess internal fat. Those who spend a lot of time sitting at a TV or computer and avoid physical activity may also suffer from hypertension in the future.
- Inflammation and infection can lead to kidney damage, and therefore to hypertension. And if you have high blood pressure, it exacerbates kidney problems. In people with diabetes
Diabetes
It is also a high risk of hypertension.
- Too much salt in the diet - it is also the way to the appearance of hypertension. With the accumulation of salt in the blood vessels begin to hold a water to balance the salt concentration. Excess of water increase the amount of blood vessels, leading to the appearance of hypertension. To avoid this, it is recommended to eat no more than six grams of salt a day.
- There are people (about 5%), in which hypertension arises from others, especially the reasons. This may be caused as the work kidney, aorta, and hormonal problems.
The medical mystery
Hypertensive heart disease is still poorly understood, despite the fact that it was possible to identify the factors that influence the occurrence of disease. Most often, from high blood pressure is still suffering men. Age and race also play a role, as the statistics show. In addition, eating habits and life is directly related to the appearance of hypertension. People who consume a lot of salt in the food due to the tradition, more likely to suffer from hypertension. And those in whose food culture is not accepted there is a lot of salt, sometimes face the problem of high blood pressure.
So, at risk include the following categories of people:
- those who have relatives in the family suffering from hypertension;
- smokers;
- African-Americans;
- pregnant women;
- people over thirty-five years;
- people are overweight or obese seriously;
- people leading a passive lifestyle;
- People who abuse alcohol;
- People who eat too much fatty and salty foods;
- People suffering from sleep apnea.
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