Runny nose in infants - what are the clinical features

Runny nose in infants - what are the clinical features
Treatment

runny grudnichka Due to the development of inflammation in the nose of the child runny nose. It notes the existence of seasonal predisposition when spring or fall runny nose in infants considered to be quite common. At first glance, it is a harmless condition, but it has a negative impact on the general condition of the child, and therefore requires appropriate treatment based on age.

Possible causes of inflammation of the nasal mucosa

The nose acts as a kind of entrance gate to penetrate a variety of pathogenic agents into the body of the child. Carried through the nasal cavity airflow, the air masses are inhaled and exhaled air. Any negative impact affects the state of the nasal mucosa, develops clinical rhinitis (or cold). Among the reasons for the development of a pathological condition in infants the predominant influence of the infectious agent.

Most often a runny nose caused by viruses. The body of the child they are doing with the inhaled air. Viral infection contributes to a violation of the integrity of the mucosa of the respiratory tract, so it can easily join the infection of a different nature, such as bacteria. The presence of bacterial flora contributes to a more severe course of inflammatory disease, the development of complications. One sign of additional bacterial infection is the changing nature of discharge from the nose. Rhinitis caused by exposure to viruses, occurs with copious mucous character. As a consequence of attachment of bacteria, the discharge becomes mucopurulent, change their color.

Non-infectious causes of the common cold is associated with damage to the nasal foreign bodies or harmful environmental factors. It undergoes changes in the mucous inflammatory changes due to the addition of infection.

Features of development of rhinitis in infancy

In infants the structure of the respiratory system has features that affect the course of the inflammatory process. The nasal passages of this age are quite narrow. Even a slight inflammatory process violates the child function of nasal breathing due to swelling of the mucous membrane. The child has difficulty breathing through the nose becomes restless, whiny, had disturbed sleep. In the presence of marked edema during sleep may develop asthma attack.

Difficulty in nasal breathing leads to disruption of feeding grudnichka. Forced feeding is interrupted because the child tries to breathe through the mouth. The result can be malnutrition, weight loss. If the inflammation progresses, the inflammation spreads to the respiratory tract, which are located below. The fact that the child breathes the mouth, is a predisposing to the development of inflammatory complications.

Runny nose, in some cases becomes a long, recurrent course for several years. This lengthy process naturally leads to the development of complications. In early childhood facial skeleton is finally formed, so dysfunction of nasal breathing can affect the process of formation not only of the facial skeleton and chest.

How is the disease in stages

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa occurs in stages, which determines the selection of further treatment policy. Once in the nasal cavity, the causative agent of the disease or other pathogenic agent causes a narrowing of blood vessels, mucous becomes pale. The main clinical picture of inflammation takes place in subsequent stages:

catarrh. At this stage, developing a bright clinical picture. The mucosa of the nose swells, becomes congested due to a pronounced widening of blood vessels. The child appears profuse nasal discharge. Viral infection is accompanied by mucus, watery discharge, which lead to irritation of the skin around the nasal passages
a bacterial infection. Catarrhal period lasts an average of up to three days. Changes due to inflammation of the mucous membrane of a favorable environment for bacterial attachment. Objectively, it can be noted that the general condition at this stage of inflammation becomes noticeably better. Thick mucous-purulent nasal discharge yellow What color is combined yellow: Armed and Fabulous They are a sign of the presence of bacterial flora.

If there is no connection of a secondary infection, you can not see the staging of the inflammatory process. Symptoms of rhinitis (runny nose or) take place in a few days. Only in the case of a child's weakened immune system, comorbidity disease acquires the features of a chronic process. Runny nose can last for several weeks to months, leading to the development of complications. The presence of the source of infection in the nose for an infant is a risk factor for exacerbation of chronic diseases of other sites. Kidney disease or lung disease often exacerbated during this period, so in case of a prolonged process of recovery from rhinitis should conduct a comprehensive survey and assign a second course of therapy for the prevention of complications.

Not recommended at the stage of acute inflammation used long vasoconstrictor drugs. In infancy can use them for up to three days, as in a long-term use and tolerance develops complications. The body of the child is still developing, so the appointment of any drug should be strict indications. The room should humidify the air, ventilate the room where the child is. It is better to use traditional medicines, inhalations with herbal remedies. It is important not to feed the baby by force, as refusal to eat is a natural reaction.