Hyperpigmentation is not only common, but also the disease, which has a high resistance to the treatment. And experts in the field of skin care products, and their clients can deal with hyperpigmentation over the years, many attempts taking medications that are unsuccessful or ineffective.

Problems with skin pigmentation - these are violations that are not inflicting physical pain, may, nevertheless, seriously degrade the quality of life, especially for women. Brown spots on the body or on the face do not give to wear revealing clothing, cause internal discomfort and may even cause serious psychological complexes. This hyperpigmentation - the most common problem of this kind - a disease that is much easier to prevent than to cure; but in order to successfully protect your skin from hyperpigmentation, you must first know - what is the dark spots.

To understand the essence of hyperpigmentation need to understand what is melanin. Melanin - the pigment of the skin, which gives it color. In dark-skinned people melanin more than people with fair skin. Melanin, which is produced by cells called melanocytes, is also a natural UV protection.

The essence of hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation affects both women and men of all ethnic groups and is manifested as a darkening of the skin areas. The most common is considered hyperpigmentation in middle age and beyond, but it also may involve more young people. Hyperpigmentation is caused by a hyperactivity of melanocytes, the cells that are responsible for producing melanin (melanotic hyperpigmentation), or the proliferation of melanocytes (melanotsitoticheskaya hyperpigmentation).

In any case, hyperpigmentation itself poses no threat to health. However, sometimes it may be a symptom of a disease. Moreover, people suffering hyperpigmentation on the face of the aesthetic side of the state, experiencing a lot of complexes, they may develop depression due to appearance. This condition is serious attention, including careful approach to the study of skin in combination with readily apply different methods of treatment.

Causes of hyperpigmentation

Beautiful tan, deep color of hair or the iris - all this is the result of the work of melanin - a special group of pigments of the human body. The main objective of these pigments - to prevent the penetration of sunlight into the deeper layers of the skin, as it is very dangerous for the skin and for the whole organism. Baseline pigmentation of human skin under the influence of solar radiation changes, but if you tan occurs when melanin working correctly, hyperpigmentation, including age spots on the face Brown spots on the face - can you handle them yourself?   - A consequence of disruption of sun protection.

Why are there dark spots Brown spots: whether they can be removed completely?   on the body? Unfortunately, this problem is not well studied .  Doctors say with confidence that hyperpigmentation may occur as a consequence of excessive exposure to the sun or in a tanning bed, but this is not the only possible reason for the appearance of dark spots on the skin .  For women (they generally suffer from the symptoms of hyperpigmentation) the appearance of age spots on the body can be a sign of change in the hormonal background - is why pigment and birthmarks appear while waiting for the child at the beginning of the use of hormonal contraceptives, during puberty and menopause .  There is evidence that the dark spots can appear as a result of stress and suffering a sharp change in diet, as well as some serious internal diseases .  Another reason manifestation of hyperpigmentation - age; the so-called age spots appear on the skin areas of the body that over the life of the most frequently exposed to sunlight .

Hyperpigmentation is often associated with the damage of sunlight, but other factors such as inflammation, hormonal changes and other diseases can lead to this condition.

• Insolation

Factor number one: the sun. You can not feel that this is happening, but UV light stimulates the melanocytes to produce more melanin Which foods contain melanin - skin care . The more melanin produced, the darker the skin (and get a tan). Hyperpigmentation occurs when the body produces too much melanin, which leads to the formation of dark spots or freckles or strengthen existing age spots.

To minimize the possibility of such hyperpigmentation is possible if to follow the sun exposure: limit the time in direct sunlight, wear protects them clothes, including a broad-brimmed hat and sunglasses, and use a cream with a protection factor SPF of 15 (although a factor of 30 or ensures better protection above) throughout the year.

• Inflammation

Another common cause of hyperpigmentation - an inflammation that occurs after receiving wounds, cuts, burns, chemical damage, and as a result of acne, eczema, psoriasis. No damage to the skin itself provokes hyperpigmentation, and the healing process. When the wound is prolonged, you may occur inflammatory hyperpigmentation, when the area around it gets darker. This color change can last for months or be permanent. Early treatment - the best way to prevent, but there are methods that can help fight the dark spots, such as chemical peels, microdermabrasion or skin brighteners. Hyperpigmentation after inflammation more prone to dark-skinned people than with light and sun exposure can aggravate them change.

• Hormones

Every woman (and some men) say that because of the hormones in the body strange things can happen. We are accustomed to the fact that hormonal changes occur during pregnancy, while taking contraceptives or other hormonal therapy for various diseases. There is another phenomenon of hormonal nature - melasma, pigmentation common type, characteristic of the period of pregnancy.

As hyperpigmentation after inflammation, melasma (also known as the mask of pregnancy) is more typical for people with dark skin, she appears on the cheeks, nose, forehead and on his upper lip in a brown or gray-brown spots. No need to panic, Melasma usually fades with time after birth (or after discontinuation of the oral contraceptive). If it persists, contact your dermatologist, he will prescribe you steroid creams, skin brighteners, chemical peels or laser treatments.

Other hormonal abnormalities can cause Addison's disease. It is a rare disease that disrupts the adrenal glands that produce certain hormones. Hyperpigmentation is one of a plurality of its symptoms.

• Diseases and medicine

Hyperpigmentation can also be a symptom of certain autoimmune, gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic disorders and vitamin deficiency. In addition, there are a number of medications that cause hyperpigmentation, such as: hormones, antibiotics, antimalarials, antiarrhythmic and other medicines. Check with your doctor side effects of the medicines you are taking to provide for all measures, without being exposed to sunlight while taking these medications.

Ways to combat manifestations of hyperpigmentation

The sudden appearance of a large number of pigmented spots on the body of a reason not to apply to the beautician and to the therapist, such as skin reactions may indicate violations of health or imbalance of the endocrine system. In addition, existing pharmacological agents for today - and tablets for oral administration, and pharmacy whitening agents that can fight excessive pigmentation of the skin of the body should be appointed only by the results of analyzes. If health is all right, and the degree of hyperpigmentation does not require taking the pills, you can try to deal with the problem with the help of cosmetic products and procedures.

From beauty treatments in the fight against pigment spots on the body peels performed well (removing the top layer of skin, with whom disappear and dark spots), the correction of color by means of laser radiation and phototherapy. Whitening cosmetics are also able to give good results in the fight against pigment spots on the body; but it is best to deal with the problem helps a comprehensive approach.

Skin analysis

To increase the effectiveness of the treatment, a detailed analysis is needed of the skin. Specialists must not only determine the severity of injury, but also to establish the reason for which there was hyperpigmentation subsequently to struggle with it. Subjective information from patients to determine the cause of the disease - a genetic, pharmacological or due to poor lifestyle choices.

The treatment of hyperpigmentation

There are some basic treatments for this disease. Each one of them works in a specific situation, and in accordance with a certain intensity and the degree of hyperpigmentation. The available therapies include:

• Chemical peeling

This medium, or deep phenol peel, which is often used to treat hyperpigmentation. When using these peels, great attention should be paid to monitoring the possibility of uneven pigment.

• Laser peels

With the help of laser peel is the destruction of the upper layer of the skin, which eliminates the area of ​​the epidermis raised hyperpigmentation. This is usually used, or CO2 Laser Fractional laser, but there are other kinds.

• Treatment pulsed light

This method uses the impact on the affected area a pulsed light. This is one of the most recommended treatments for hyperpigmentation. But there is a danger that if therapy is carried out correctly, can aggravate pigmentation. In any case, before the procedure is necessary to consult a specialist.

• Cosmetic products for skin lightening

Such agents may be effective only when the poor hyperpigmentation. Their action is based on the inclusion in the composition of chemical substances, such as retinoids, kojic acid, vitamin C, hydroquinone. These substances reduce the skin darkening, lightening of its bit.

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