Eczema is one of those diseases that are easier to make than to treat. All the cutaneous manifestations of the disease are directly related to the nervous system: any stress causes worsening of eczema, but the disease itself puts man in a state of prolonged stress.

Why eczema begins

Eczema - a chronic skin disease of inflammatory nature, manifested in the appearance of skin on various nature itchy rash. There are true, professional and microbial eczema. All these species have eczema, both general various features.

All types of eczema are based on allergic processes - congenital or acquired. Thus, the true eczema (today it is called atopic dermattom) is a consequence of congenital allergic to various substances (atopy), a professional - the result of allergies to various substances found in the workplace, microbial - allergic to infectious agents.

Eczema may also develop on the background of the various long flowing digestive diseases (chronic colitis, gastroduodenitis, cholecystitis, etc.), endocrine (diabetes) or nervous (neurosis) systems.

Symptoms and course of true eczema or atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis begins with infancy. At the age of a few months of life on the baby's skin appear redness and swelling at first, and then in the skin changes appear small transparent bubbles that quickly burst, causing the skin gets wet and irritated. Then the bubbles to die to form a crust after the falling away of the skin which remains briefly redness, disappearing without a trace in the future.

Arranged elements rash symmetrically on both cheeks, buttocks, upper and lower limbs, right and left on the body. Proceeds atopic dermatitis for a long time: the process of decay, it is enhanced with age a child can get rid of the disease. But more often it turns into a different shape and manifests itself in the form of neurodermatitis with thickening of the skin and increased skin pattern (lichenification). The skin becomes cyanotic, covered scratching and scratches.

Ak like atopic dermatitis violated the integrity of the skin, to the allergic process can join infection, most often bacterial - pustules appear on the skin, which greatly increase the weight of the patient's condition.

Symptoms and course of occupational eczema

Occupational eczema develops in response to prolonged skin contact with a variety of skin-irritating substances: paints, gasoline and other chemicals and substances are mechanically irritating to the skin.

It starts with contact dermatitis disease. This disease can occur long time, but in the end, the sensitivity of the body and there is an allergy to irritants. Thus, dermatitis eczema becomes. Contact dermatitis differs from eczema that after the cessation of contact with skin irritating substances, the skin is cleansed, while for eczema do not.

The symptoms of contact dermatitis and occupational eczema are similar to the symptoms of atopic dermatitis: the skin appear redness, swelling, small blisters with transparent content, which burst to form scabs. Externally, the picture on the skin and mottled.

Symptoms and course of microbial eczema

Microbial eczema develops in the long course of infections on the skin. Most of these processes are bacterial or fungal in nature. Children microbial eczema most often develops on the background of a long recurrence of streptococcal infection (strep impetigo). In adults, this type of eczema usually develops on the background of weeping fungal diseases of feet.

Symptoms of microbial eczema are similar as to the true eczema and with the infection, which was the basis of this disease. Lesions in this case are clear boundaries, limited border of flaky skin. They are covered with a yellowish-brown crusts, which remains after removal weeping surface.

A separate subspecies of microbial eczema are varicose (it develops in violation of nutrition of the skin) and wound (around nonhealing wounds).

How to treat eczema

Treatment should be comprehensive, taking into account the causes of the disease, predisposing factors and diseases, the nature and distribution of the skin process.

The patient is assigned to a diet with the exception of fatty, fried, spicy, salty food, sweets, baking, alcoholic beverages, chocolate, citrus, smoking. Assign sedative (soothing) and, if necessary, hypnotics, antihistamines (they relieve itching and swelling). If you have a bacterial or fungal infection appoint antiseptics.

Externally for skin soak appoint podsushivayuschee means (lotion or wet-drying dressings) with anti-inflammatory drugs. After drying of the skin prescribe creams and pastes, to eliminate the effects of inflammation. In marked inflammation prescribe creams with corticosteroids.

Eczema requires long-term treatment under medical supervision

Galina Romanenko

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