Sunburns - a phenomenon that is known to almost everyone. Significant sunburn on large areas of the body can completely spoil the summer holidays. In hot weather, you can get a sunburn, even in the shade, especially if the skin is thin and white.

Why do I get sunburn

Sunburns are caused by exposure of the skin to ultraviolet solar rays. Under the influence of these rays skin cells (melanocytes) produce the pigment melanin Which foods contain melanin - skin care Which protects the skin from burns. But for longer stays n direct sunlight melanocytes fail to protect the skin from ultraviolet irradiation and appear on the skin burns.

Strengthen burn can receive during their stay in the sun of certain medications, such as antibiotics of the tetracycline group. Some external creams and gels also possess the properties of photosensitizers, such as a cream to treat acne baziron.

The symptoms of sunburn

For minor burns, the skin reddens simply, there is irritation, accompanied by unpleasant burning sensation. After a day or two, such burns are on their own without any consequences.

More severe burns cause redness and swelling of the skin, the surface of which is then formed small, medium and large (with severe burns) blisters filled with clear content. If bubbles are few and small, the general condition suffers a little, but the pain and burning sensation can be very powerful.

But in some cases can be very severe burns, blisters on inflamed skin coalesce into large bubbles. There are headache, nausea, vomiting, fever. In severe cases, impaired consciousness. This is a dangerous condition that requires emergency care.

First aid for sunburn

If you feel that soon the skin will burn, you can advance to take any drug from the group of NSAIDs - ibuprofen, diclofenac, nize, and so on. This can prevent the appearance of severe inflammatory reaction, including edema and blistering of the skin.

At the first signs of sunburn - redness and a burning sensation on the skin can be applied aloe juice, yogurt Kefir: a unique drink for health and harmony   or sour cream Smetana: untold riches of Russian cuisine . You can also attach to the skin cloth moistened with cucumber juice, strong tea or infusion of hypericum. If the burn is very worried, then you can buy at the pharmacy ointment or spray depantenol panthenol and apply a thin layer to the affected skin.

With burns on the face to the skin for 20-30 minutes, you can apply a paste of pre-welded and cooled oatmeal. After the procedure to wash the face with cool water without soap and grease neutral moisturizing cream.

If the skin appeared fine bubbles, but overall was not damaged, the skin can also be lubricated depantenolom or cream, which is composed of corticosteroid hormones such as elakomom or Advantanom, but a very thin layer on the skin, covering not more than 30% of body surface .

If blisters on the skin surface are large, open their own cornfields means impossible - you can make the infection. If the temperature has risen, were nausea and vomiting, you should immediately seek medical help without waiting for further deterioration.

How to prevent the emergence of sunburn

To do this, sunbathing gradually, starting with 15-20 minutes a day in the morning and evening hours and every day increasing the residence time in the sun for 5-10 minutes (depending on skin type, with a thin white skin adaptation process should be longer) .

For protection from the sun's rays on the skin should use sunscreen. Available in cream with sun protection SPF factor of 5 to 70 are designed for different skin types. People with thin white skin should choose creams with an SPF factor equal to 60-70, swarthy - 6-15. If there is no sunscreen, the skin can lubricate the peach butter - it will reduce the risk of burns.

Sunscreen is applied to the skin with a thin layer without rubbing before going to the beach. After bathing cream is applied repeatedly. Application of skin cream is not complete protection against sunburn - the rules gradually increase the residence time in the sun should still adhere to.

Careful adherence to the rules of gradual tanning and the use of sunscreens during exposure to the sun is a guarantee that the rest of the sea would not be spoiled.

Galina Romanenko

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