 Polyps may occur in the mucous membranes of any internal organs, including the gall bladder. This disease is generally asymptomatic and requires the removal of the gall bladder, because polyps often degenerate into malignant tumors.
How and why there are polyps in the gallbladder
The gallbladder is a small hollow body (the bag), which stores and concentrates bile produced in the liver and the resulting bile ducts. After another meal gallbladder contracts and bile ducts of it on (the path of connecting with a secret pancreas) enters the duodenum, promoting digestion. Simultaneously bile inhibits the growth of putrefactive bacteria in the gut.
In various diseases of the gallbladder, its volume changes, impaired ability to concentrate bile and right to decline. All this leads to stagnation and the formation of bile in the gallbladder wall of different changes.
For example, a chronic inflammatory process, in which the mucous membrane is inflamed, it is restored, leading to the fact that in it there are areas of increased proliferation of the epithelium, which takes various forms. Such formations are called true polyps. Polyps may have different shapes, but most of them have a circular head sitting on a narrower leg.
Conventionally known as polyps and some other entities, similar in appearance to the true polyps. This, for example, deposits in the mucosa cholesterol
Cholesterin
 or certain benign tumors (papillomas, adenomas).
The reasons lie in the formation of polyps, hereditary metabolic features and structure of the mucous membranes, so the disease is often hereditary.
At the risk of formation of polyps in any organ composed person, close relatives have already been detected polyps. Polyps can be detected in various internal organs, with an internal mucosa. Polyps may also be several (multiple polyps) or a lot (polyposis).
What are the symptoms of gallbladder polyps and diagnosis
Most often, the disease is asymptomatic, and find it by accident during ultrasound (US). In some cases, patients concerned about abdominal discomfort associated with eating and aching pain in the right upper quadrant.
However, if a polyp is very large or long leg, it can clog the lumen of the gallbladder, causing biliary colic attacks in the form of a sharp pain in the right upper quadrant, nausea and vomiting. Sometimes in such cases, the patient has to urgently remove the gallbladder.
It would seem that if a polyp is small and does not manifest itself, it might be worth it to leave him alone and not to treat? Unfortunately, this is not possible, as the basis of numerous studies found that polyps often degenerate into malignant tumors.
Diagnose polyp of the gallbladder can be with the help of ultrasound. In the gallbladder is determined from the formation of soft tissue associated with the wall of the gallbladder. In some cases, by means of special sensors can examine the blood flow in a polyp
Polyps: problem to solve
 and in the wall of the gallbladder.
Indirectly, the diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory (research bile taken by probing) and endoscopic studies, identify dysfunction of the gallbladder.
Treatment
True polyps and benign tumors of the gallbladder should be removed immediately after detection. Conservative treatable only cholesterol deposits that have the form of polyps. In such a case is assigned to a special diet, appointed medical sensing and tyubazh, cholagogue drugs.
Polyps are removed together with the gall bladder is called cholecystectomy such an operation. Today cholecystectomy in a planned manner in the absence of marked inflammation in the patient often carried out endoscopic techniques. This skin makes some very small (about 2 cm) incisions through which the abdominal cavity are special tube with a video camera. Tracking the progress of the operation on the monitor. With miniature endoscopic instruments, the surgeon removes the gallbladder. The recovery period after such sparing operations occurs is much easier and faster than the classical after operations with a large (about 20 cm) incision.
If polyps are small (no more than 5 mm in diameter) and the patient categorically refuses surgery, it was observed with carrying out ultrasound at least once a year.
Yet polyps gallbladder best to remove.
Galina Romanenko
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