2. Public Library

Minneapolis, USA

In the early twentieth century industrial magnate Andrew Carnegie bequeathed more than a thousand buildings of public libraries to local communities across America. Building of a public library in Minneapolis - one of them. It served until the end of the seventies, when it became apparent that it can not accommodate everyone and requires expensive restructuring and renewal. In addition, it was difficult to warm in the cold season.

So when architect David Bennett won the competition for the best architectural design of the new library, he decided to make maximum use of underground space .  Several floors of the library are located under the ground .  Although Bennett's plan ceilings were high, and in the yard, having the shape of an inverted bowl even had a little garden, library visitors complained that here they have a claustrophobic .  Librarians have complained that feeling in this building, in the bunker, and grimly joked that with time they will have to signal readers flashlights .  One critic facilities Bennett even called it "the mining shaft, not the building for the people" .  The situation is aggravated by the fact that the heating system worked poorly, the ground part of the building turned into a flophouse for the homeless and drug addicts and passers-by are often unaware that hidden underground library .  In 1995 it was decided to reconstruct the library, the task entrusted to architect Francis Bulbulianu .  He changed the design of the windows and the yard so that the building received more sunlight, established a multi-level transmission system of books and decorated ground part of the library huge steel letters: LIBRARY (library) .  When the library was opened after reconstruction, there were no more complaints .

1. Restaurants McDonald's fast food

Worldwide

"Someone please explain to me why everything is so crazy about this McDonald's? -voproshal in the mid-eighties, the American humorist PJ. O'Rurk. - It's not that Europeans do not line up at these eateries. Maybe the food at McDonald's and not very useful, but is useful fatty liver overfed goose with truffles? ". The familiar yellow arches over the letter "M" have long been a target for snobs and all those who hate the American way of life.

"We do not need these so-called restaurants on every corner," - said one Frenchman .  Everywhere, where the economic summit Big Twenty, immediately going to a demonstration of anti-globalists, and their first claim to America - the imposition of McDonalds .  Meanwhile, the fast-food chain McDonalds was founded by two brothers, Richard and Maurice MacDonalds .  They invented an innovative model of family restaurant meant an open kitchen, spotlessly clean, fast service and affordable prices .  Brothers rapidly expanded its business by adding to the original restaurant a few more, and hired the architect Stanley Meston to develop a unique style of McDonalds .  The first McDonalds restaurant with firm yellow "M" opened in Phoenix, Arizona, in 1953 .  McDonalds popularity grew, grew up with her and the family business .  Restaurants are increasing, and discontent intensified ugly buildings .  The result has been transformed by the architect Donald Miller, who was assigned to design a less catchy .  Miller has reduced the size of letters, eventually turning them into conventional sign .

1. St Paul's Cathedral

Architect Christopher Wren, when King William III

When the king of England, William III (or, according to some, Charles II and Queen Anne) first showed the completed St. Paul's Cathedral, he allegedly remarked indignantly Christopher Wren, the Cathedral of the building looks "awful, pompous and unnatural." Over time, the words of the monarch acquired a different meaning, and modern British say that the Council "suggests awe," he "is great and technically perfect."