Man has learned to produce fabric for a long time. At first, he just wove grass and young shoots, strip hides and bark. Only later, with the advent of civilization, people have started to produce the fabric in the modern sense of the word.

For the first people used tissue fiber plant and animal origin. Ancient Egypt seven thousand years ago already owned manufacturing techniques linen. Ancient China was the birthplace of silk, where he began to produce three thousand years BC, the fiber of the larvae of the silkworm. India produced cotton since ancient times is that China - silk.

These natural materials are still used, but they do in most cases, an industrial means.

Features production

With the development of technology has accelerated the production of fabrics, there are new means of painting and weaving fabrics. A feed this man began to produce artificial fibers and synthetic origin. Such materials were cheaper than natural, so quickly gained popularity, and now hard to imagine life without nylon stockings or tight-fitting clothing with lycra.

It characterized perpendicular weave fabric fibers. Therefore, other materials, such as a knitted fabric, a cloth can not be called.

Depending on the fabric weave yarn forms a specific pattern on the surface. In addition, the fabric dyed in various ways in one or more colors with different pattern motifs. High-quality fabric even after repeated washing does not have to lose any color or shape.

Depending on the thickness of the thread in the fabric, it can be used for clothing or upholstery.

Natural fabrics

Cotton, linen, wool and silk fabrics are natural. Such fabrics have unique properties, but in modern textile industry are rarely used in its pure form. This is to ensure that the fabric last longer, better sit on fit and keep in shape and color.

Designers and artists are aware of many types of tissues from each tissue. For example, a woolen cloth is divided into many types: epingel (interlacing stripes are often used for making upper garment), Chalon, flaush, trip (for clothing), a fresco (for shirts and dressing gowns) and a host of other names that mean something just for specialists associated with the textile industry.

Modern fashion is committed to the combination of structures and textures. Silk is combined with leather and fur Fur - Luxury is timeless , Denim and lace - current trends admit any of the desired options. Various packing themselves or in combination each time look at the new, each season again and again, giving food for thought dandies and ladies all over the world.

Types of fabrics: Features

Primitive man was covering the body and to equip a home a few scraps of hides them slain mammoths, Adam and Eve and all treated with fig leaves. We climbed to the top of civilization, to satisfy the need for a well-dressed, beautiful, high quality, wear things a long time, learned to produce hundreds of types of fabrics. Anyone textiles is divided into one that has a natural origin and chemical. Natural comes to us from the animal world (silk, wool) and vegetation (cotton, linen), while the production of chemical material requires a great contribution to science offers us artificial and synthetic fabrics.

• Natural fabrics are characterized by high hygienic properties, the body accepts them very well. But we can not do without the disadvantages: Unfortunately, natural fabrics crease easily when washing and "sit." In order to meet the needs in the comfort of socks and fabric care, there are plenty of synthetic and man-made choices that can be much closer in quality to natural.
• Artificial fabrics made of natural macromolecular compounds. They are most closely located to the natural, but still inferior to them in hygienic properties. The most common today kind of artificial fibers - viscose.
• Synthetics, fell out of favor with fans of all only natural, it has great advantages as high strength, resistance to abrasion.
• Undoubtedly, one of the leaders in the popularity rating is cotton. It was prepared from the cotton bolls. The same family include: cotton, calico, satin, chiffon, taffeta, bikes. Denim, known as denim, also from this family. The title he owes to the French city of Nimes, where is the fabric used for sewing work clothes.
• Flax - a plant that gave life linen yarn, very strong, resistant to shrinkage and indispensable in hot weather.
• Silk of life we ​​owe the silkworm. This thin, shiny fabric associated with the luxury of the East, and among its advantages - the property to keep warm and cool at the same time. From silk organza receive.
• Wool yarn is similar in structure to human hair Hair: structure, characteristics of growth and development So any discomfort from contact is not felt. It runs great and has a resistance to creasing. Wool gives life to the tissues such as a drape, tweed. Cashmere - wool cashmere goats Tibetan breed. Mohair is obtained from the Angora goat. Angora - gentle and soft wool Angora rabbit. Camel hair, thanks to its exceptional warming properties, used in medical devices.
• Rayon made from cellulose, which is a natural fiber, so the product of viscose rightfully considered the most natural from artificial.
• Polyester - Polyester fiber, which is very resistant to light and temperature. Very popular for clothing mixture of polyester with cotton, viscose, wool. Nylon is mainly used for linings. Capron and Nylon also belong to the group of synthetic polyamide materials. Nylon has been found in the course of research dedicated to finding a material that is similar in quality to silk. Capron makes the fabric is mechanically very strong. It has similar properties and acrylic. In order to extend the life of woolen clothes, use acrylic yarn. To make the fabric easily extensible, it added Lycra, also referred to as "spandex" and "lycra."
• Two opposites - a sleek satin and velvet fluffy - the result of a sitneticheskimi and natural fibers. Satin fabric with a shiny surface is obtained from the silk of different densities, polyester, acetate. Velor, corduroy, velvet - all names fabric is characterized by its short nap, made of cotton, wool, silk.

One can argue about what is best: natural fabrics are soft and pleasant to the touch, while the artificial serve much longer. But now there is a choice, and you can always stay at the subtlest natural silk Silk - a legacy of the Yellow Emperor   for a holiday or a skirt from a well-spun fabric made with synthetic fiber, which makes it easy to slip into it, even gaining a few extra pounds.

Eugene Zhirkina

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