Polyps in the uterus can be of two types: body polyps and polyps of the cervix Polyps of the cervix: the treatment - a must! . They pose a threat to women's reproductive health and can lead to infertility. The question of malignancy (malignancy) polyps in the uterus is still unresolved. But despite this, polyps in the uterus refers to precancerous diseases, as they are a favorable background for the development of endometrial cancer. Previously, it was thought that the polyps in the uterus may be formed only of women giving birth. Today proved that polyps can occur at any age, beginning and ending with the teenage premenopausal.

What are polyps in the uterus?

Polyps in the uterus - is a benign overgrowth of uterine lining (endometrium), which means they are lobular hyperplasia and endometrial hyperplasia often arise from the basal layer of the endometrium. There are the following forms of endometrial polyps, depending on the histological structure:

• gland polyps (composed of stroma and endometrial glands);
• glandular-fibrous polyps (composed of connective tissue stroma and some iron);
• fibrous polyps (only consist soedinitetelno-tissue stroma, glands are absent).

The reasons for the formation of polyps in the uterus

Most researchers believe that the cause of the polyps in the uterus are the same as the causes of endometrial hyperplasia, that is a violation of hormonal ovarian function (increased production of estrogens and progestogens failure - progesterone). But, nevertheless, it is known that polyps in the uterus and can occur in women with intact (ovulatory) menstrual cycle in women with or manifestations of hyperandrogenism background atrophic endometrium. Also, polyps in the uterus often developing in women with metabolic and endocrine diseases (obesity, diabetes Diabetes , Hypertension). In addition, the predisposing factors formation of polyps are inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive organs, abortion, diagnostic curettage, weakened immunity.

Clinical manifestations of polyps in the uterus

The clinical picture of polyps in the uterus is diverse and depends on the woman's age, the size of the polyp, ovarian function, comorbidities (uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs). Often polyps in the uterus, especially small size, asymptomatic and are random finding in the survey. The most common and the main symptom of polyps are a variety of menstrual disorders Violation of the menstrual cycle: types and causes . Perhaps the appearance of intermenstrual and premenstrual sukrovichnyh secretions stored in the menstrual cycle, as well as uvelchenie blood loss during menstruation. Some women suffer from abdominal pain during sexual intercourse, as well as spotting after intercourse. In the presence of large polyps in the uterus may occur so-called "birth" of the polyp, which is accompanied by cramping pains and bleeding. Also, the symptoms include the appearance of polyps cables. The presence of polyps in the uterus can lead to infertility due to the impossibility of implantation of a fertilized egg.

Diagnosis of polyps in the uterus

When these symptoms a woman for diagnostic purposes is performed pelvic ultrasound, and hysteroscopy hysterography. During the ultrasound examination of the uterus is marked expansion of its space and the availability of education. The most informative method is hysteroscopy, which is based in visualizing polyps using a special endoscopic device - hysteroscope. Hysteroscopy allows not only absolute precision to diagnose polyps, but also aiming to remove them.

Treatment of polyps in the uterus

The main method of treatment of uterine polyps is their removal, followed by separate diagnostic curettage of cervical and uterine cavity. After removal of polyps spend their histological study, the results of which determined the further tactics of the patient. Hormone therapy is not indicated for women with fibrous and glandular-fibrous polyps. After removal of polyps observed in the patient gynecologist.

Anna Sozinova

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