Primary and secondary amenorrhea

Menstrual disorders often associated with infertility. Therefore, parents of girls who promptly (16 years later) does not start menstruating, should definitely consult with them to the gynecologist - timely examination and treatment will help restore impaired function of the future and give a woman the joy of motherhood.

Amenorrhea - is the lack of menstrual bleeding for six months or more in the age of 16-45 years. As a natural phenomenon in this age amenorrhea occurs during pregnancy and lactation. Pathological (not included in the concept of the norm) amenorrhea is a sign of some diseases of the female reproductive organs and is usually accompanied by infertility. Amenorrhea is divided into primary and secondary.

Primary amenorrhea - the causes and symptoms

Primary amenorrhea - a condition in which menstruation was never in life. Reasons for such a state can be different. Thus, primary amenorrhea, which is accompanied by a lack of puberty, usually caused by an inherited (genetic) deep ovarian hypoplasia.

Most amenorrhea, combined delayed puberty is associated with changes in the brain. For example, a tumor or injury of the hypothalamus (part of the brain that controls the autonomic nervous system, responsible for the functioning of internal organs and blood vessels, as well as for the regulation of the endocrine glands). In this state amenorrhea combined with a variety of neuro-psychiatric disorders. Amenorrhea may cause disruption of the pituitary gland (a major endocrine gland, which is located in the brain and the "team" activities of other glands). Amenorrhea can also occur against the backdrop of disorders of the adrenal glands - in their congenital hypoplasia or in various diseases (for example, a tumor).

In primary amenorrhea in women marked hypoplasia of mammary glands, lack of sexual body hair, intersex (average between male and female) body structure. The examination revealed hypoplasia of both external and internal genital organs. The ovaries are not the formation of follicles, ovulation is absent. The uterus and ovaries are reduced in size.

Sometimes puberty women are not violated, but menstruation does not occur due to the underdevelopment of the uterus and other violations of internal genitals.

Treatment of primary amenorrhea

Treatment of primary amenorrhea is to carry out the cycles of hormone therapy. This used hormonal drugs, which contain the female sex hormones (estrogens and progestins), contributing to the maturation of ovarian follicle containing an egg, break of the follicle (ovulation) and release of the egg into the uterus, and then into the fallopian tube to meet with sperm and fertilization . These hormones prepare the mucous membrane of the uterus for the introduction of a fertilized egg. Hormonal cycles performed for 3-4 months after an interval of 1-2 months was carried out for a long time.

Secondary amenorrhea - causes and symptoms

Secondary amenorrhea - is the absence of menstruation, after a period of regular or irregular menstruation. The reason for such violations can be changes in the central nervous system - the so-called psychogenic or stress-amenorrhea due to various mental injuries that result in changes in metabolism and impaired production of female hormones. Such conditions often arise in wartime. Changes in the internal and external genitalia while not arise.

Similar changes occur in a sharp increase or weight loss. Amenorrhea during weight loss usually occurs in young women who have used a variety of weight loss diet. Body weight at the same time is reduced to 25% of the age norm, there is a modest reduction in breast, external and internal genital organs (for example, shrinks the uterus). In all such cases, the patient must be consulted to rule out psychiatric mental illness - anorexia nervosa.

Amenorrhea with increasing body weight may be due to different mechanisms that lead to metabolic disorders Metabolic disease   and decrease production of female sex hormones.

Finally, secondary amenorrhea may occur against a background of a disease of the uterus, ovaries or adrenal glands (such as a growing tumor and al.).

The treatment of secondary amenorrhea

The treatment of secondary amenorrhea depends on the cause caused it. If emotional stress because of amenorrhea appointed soothing drugs, recommended removal of traumatic factors. But any anti-anxiety drugs generally inhibit the production of female sex hormones, so these hormones are administered in the form of additional drugs prescribed a short course in 3-4 months.

If amenorrhea occurred amid a sharp increase or weight loss treatment is carried out in conjunction with a gynecologist endocrinologist or gynecologist-endocrinologist - clarified the reasons behind this phenomenon and prescribe appropriate treatment.

With a lack of weight is assigned to a full-fledged food preparations containing digestive enzymes (they help digest food), vitamins Vitamins for everyone   and minerals necessary for the normalization of metabolic disorders.

Any violation of the menstrual cycle Violation of the menstrual cycle: types and causes   women - a sign of trouble, and the signal that require the intervention of a doctor.

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