By the fruits of civilization are not only advances in technology and science, the development of medicine and improve quality of life .  With civilization in human society are widespread bad habits, one of which is non-smoking .  About the dangers of smoking is known to all, but, nevertheless, this fun firmly established in the life of modern people .  Especially scary smoking during pregnancy, since the harm caused by smoking, experiencing not only the expectant mother, but her unborn baby .  A familiar pattern: a woman with a clearly bulging tummy lights a cigarette .  How this will affect the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the future baby? According to statistics, in Russia smokes every second man and every fifth woman, while, for example, in Sweden this habit subject to only one of the six men and one in eight women .  It was found that intrauterine fetal malformations found in 4, 2 times more common in pregnant smokers, and their percentage is: congenital heart defects - 30%, malformations of the digestive system - 27% multiple malformations of the fetus - 31% .  This is frightening information, considering that many smokers are going to become parents or planning a pregnancy .

On the future of the child and his health should consider at the planning stage of pregnancy. And in this case, smoking is dangerous not only for the mother but for her father. Not bad to give up this bad habit a month before conception. Ideally, you should leave a cigarette in six months prior to the expected pregnancy.

The effect of smoking on birth

Women who smoke hampered the movement of eggs of the fallopian tubes, ie the meeting of sperm and egg can not happen or likely to develop an ectopic pregnancy (the fertilized egg does not get into the uterus). In addition, smoking inhibits the action of hormones (progesterone and prolactin), which affects the development of the fetus and infant. Changes in male smokers sperm morphology, reduced mobility, which hinders fertilization. The couple, who dreams of becoming parents nervous, it affects the intensity of smoking, which exacerbates the problem of conception Conception - as the emerging life .

The effect of smoking on the fetus

Cigarette smoke contains about 4800 hazardous substances, which include: nicotine, carbon monoxide, benzopyrene, and others, who, after entering the body of the future mother instantly penetrate the placental blood flow, bypassing the placenta and appear in the body of the fetus. But the concentration of harmful substances in the body of the child is ten times higher than in the mother. Carbon dioxide forms a compound with hemoglobin responsible for carrying oxygen, carboxyhemoglobin. Carboxyhemoglobin not provide the child with oxygen, which leads to the development of chronic hypoxia. Due to lack of oxygen and nutrients to the future baby is seriously lagging behind in growth, which is manifested in its malnutrition.

Harmful substances in cigarette smoke cause fetal malformations (cleft palate and cleft lip, congenital heart defects, strabismus and hearing loss, Down syndrome). Children of smokers are characterized by low birth weight (2,500 grams or less), they are restless, excitable, in the future they may experience a decrease of intelligence. Mothers who regularly smoked more than ten cigarettes a day, there are problems with breastfeeding Breastfeeding: notes And children are dying twice as likely than non-smokers, from sudden infant death syndrome. In the future, these children start smoking early, their behavior becomes aggressive, and learning difficult.

Smoking also affects the placenta, spazmiruya vessels and reducing their number. Therefore, pregnant women who smoke are much more likely to develop heart attacks placenta, premature aging, and detachment of the placenta previa, which is fraught with massive bleeding during pregnancy and childbirth. Smoking placenta itself is thinner and lighter in weight. Chronic fetal hypoxia and placental pathology cause miscarriage, premature birth Premature birth - Recognize the signals of the body in time   and the birth of dead children. According to some reports, spontaneous abortions occur in women who smoke are twice as likely than non-smokers.

The effect of smoking on pregnant

Smoking pregnant woman several times increases the risk of pregnancy complications. The increasing frequency of gestosis, anemia, vaginal bleeding. In addition, smokers have experienced a history of a whole bunch of chronic respiratory diseases (chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma). All of these contribute to the development of chronic diseases of fetal hypoxia.

Anna Sozinova

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