High blood pressure - necessarily require treatment

High blood pressure - necessarily require treatment
The dangerous
How To Deal
Arterial hypertension

high pressure High blood pressure may not manifest itself in any way, but that does not mean that the patient does not require treatment. Consistently high blood pressure High blood pressure - one of the most frequent pathologies (BP) gradually leads to disruption of the work of all organs and systems, and the longer the latent period of the disease, the more severe will be complications.

What pressure is considered high

Blood pressure - a pressure developed by the blood in the arteries of the body. The highest pressure in humans, occurring at systole (the period of the cardiac cycle during which there is a reduction of the heart muscle), called the systolic, or upper maximum blood pressure. The diastolic (bottom) pressure - the lowest blood pressure that occurs during diastole (period of the cardiac cycle during which there is a relaxation of the heart muscle). At this point, the blood pressure has a minimum value, which depends mainly on the peripheral vascular resistance and heart rate. The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure Diastolic blood pressure is an important indicator of health It called pulse pressure - it is proportional to the amount of blood that the heart emits during each systole.

Normal blood pressure in the body is supported by complex regulatory mechanisms involving neuroendocrine system and kidneys. Normally, blood pressure may rise during the physical, emotional and mental stress, stress. But after exposure to a particular factor, it quickly returns to normal. The transient increase in blood pressure improves blood circulation, allowing the body to adapt to stress and to perform its task.

In violation of the regulatory mechanisms of developing persistent changes in blood pressure, which has a negative effect on the organs and systems, as well as the whole body.

If persistent increase in blood pressure, first of all, try to identify the disease, which led to its increase. This can be a disease of the kidneys, adrenal glands, diabetes mellitus, any other endocrine disease and so on. If no disease is not detected, then we speak of essential hypertension. This disease can have many causes, including the last value is not hereditary.

High blood pressure is considered to be higher than 140/90 mm Hg. Art. Initially the disease high blood pressure appears on the back of high nervous and mental load and stress. But gradually the pressure may be a consistently high. This may increase, both the indicator (the upper and lower pressure), or only upper or only lower.

High systolic pressure (top pressure) at a normal diastolic (bottom) pressure, combined with the increase in pulse pressure. Such pressure is typical for the elderly. High pressure in the elderly is a consequence of the reduced elasticity of the arterial walls due to their atherosclerotic lesions. Isolated systolic blood pressure can produce complications such as stroke and myocardial infarction.

High diastolic (bottom) pressure can appear at any age. High blood pressure in young often characterized by increased pressure is lower. The reason for washing or may decrease in cardiac contractility (eg, due to myocardial infarction, amid myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, etc.), or improve the ability to resist the walls of peripheral vascular disease (most often found in renal disease). Thus, the increase in the diastolic pressure is typical of symptomatic hypertension, which develops against the backdrop of some other disease. High pressure at a young age requires careful examination.

High blood pressure in men is particularly dangerous, because they more often than women, there are complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. At the young age of high blood pressure in men is often characterized by a high pressure lower High pressure is lower - it requires a thorough examination . Very often the indirect cause of this condition is central obesity, where fat is stored in the abdomen and waist increases.

In contrast, the high pressure from nerves often occurs in women and is characterized by a moderate increase in both upper and lower pressure.

High pressure in the baby - this is definitely a sign of some other disease, often kidney disease (eg, glomerulonephritis, or congenital anomalies of the kidney blood vessels) or some endocrine disorders (for example, thyroid disease).

Signs of high pressure

Sometimes high blood pressure do not feel. This is very dangerous because the blood pressure may suddenly rise very high and cause a hypertensive crisis, which will be the first manifestation of hypertension.

Headache at high pressure is the leading symptom.

Headache in this case has a vascular nature - it occurs it is under tension of blood vessel walls. An increase in blood pressure appears severe throbbing headache, which requires emergency care, or a blood vessel in the brain can burst and blood out of it gets into the brain tissue, causing numerous violations (hemorrhagic stroke). In a sudden spasm of blood vessels of the brain can disrupt blood flow to a certain area of the brain that lead to the death of brain tissue of this area (ischemic stroke).

High blood pressure and dizziness - are also common combination. Dizziness associated with spasm of blood vessels of the brain, which leads to oxygen deficiency of nerve cells (neurons).

Headache and dizziness in hypertensive crisis accompanied by a number of other symptoms that indicate involvement of the brain. High blood pressure, and nausea, vomiting and high blood pressure - a characteristic signs of hypertensive crisis. If the patient was not in a timely manner to provide adequate assistance, may be new signs of brain damage such as hallucinations often occur at high pressure.

Pain in the heart may also appear with high blood pressure. If the patient is no concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD) and angina, the pain are usually aching, pressing, piercing in nature and sometimes not removed nitroglycerin. Cardiac paroxysmal pain at high pressures develop in IHD - it can lead to increased intensity and duration of angina attacks. Such pains are taken nitroglycerin.

It may also be accompanied by high blood pressure and fever, which is often combined heart palpitations (tachycardia) and trembling (tremor) limbs. Tachycardia and high blood pressure are typical for hypertensive vegetative crises that develop early in the disease under stress and high emotional stress. Breathing high pressure in such cases frequent, shallow.

Bradycardia, and high blood pressure - also the phenomenon frequent enough . Bradycardia - a slow heart rate below 60 beats a minute, bradycardia occurs when cardiac conduction disturbance pulses or weakness pacemaker - the sinus node . The low pulse at high pressure is characterized by increased pressure of the upper, lower and lower increase in pulse pressure . Such a condition could hardly resist the drug correction . High pressure and low pulse characteristic of the advanced stages of hypertension, as a result of sclerotic changes in the heart of developing cardiac arrhythmia . The weakening of cardiac causes in the bloodstream has not been sufficient arterial blood as a result of the insufficient supply of oxygen the brain the patient has dizziness, weakness, fatigue, sluggishness, sudden respiratory failure and even loss of consciousness - (seizures of Morgagni-Edems Stokes) .

Weak high pressure pulse (pulse of small filling) often found in conditions characterized by a decrease in left ventricular stroke volume, low pulse pressure and increased peripheral vascular resistance. In this largely raises the lower diastolic pressure - This condition is typical for the symptomatic hypertension (e.g., glomerulonephritis).

Pulse good filling usually occurs simultaneously with the increase of left ventricular stroke volume, and pulse pressure greater decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. This condition is typical for the elderly.

Factors influencing blood pressure

BP may be different at different times of the day. In AD affects the physical and psychological human activity throughout the day. This is true for both hypertension patients and healthy individuals. The only difference is that in healthy individuals the change in pressure during the day do not exceed 20 mm Hg. Art. for the upper and 10 mm Hg. Art. for the lower pressure. In hypertensive patients, these oscillations is much greater. The most common blood pressure decreases during sleep and waking rises so high blood pressure in hypertensive patients after sleep is not uncommon. It can be as high blood pressure in the morning or afternoon nap. But most of all blood pressure rises in the middle of the day, in the midst of physical and psychological activity. High pressure also occurs in the evening, but it is less common - the end of the day is usually reduced blood pressure.

Severe adverse effect on hypertension has alcohol. Alcohol and high blood pressure - the concept of incompatible. But not all patients understand that, since the effect of alcohol on the blood vessels of the two-phase: the first phase - a short-term extension (face reddens, patients feel relief, extends, for example, headache), the second - a persistent narrowing with increased blood pressure, which is not always clear trapped patients.

High blood pressure and sex also are not always compatible, should not be abused: high emotional stress can lead to a catastrophe: on the background of high blood pressure can burst a blood vessel in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke).

High blood pressure and sport - it is also doubtful. Sports - it's always a high physical and emotional stress, and thus the risk of a sharp rise in blood pressure. But moderate exercise without competition unrest hypertensive helpful. Therefore gymnastics under high pressure preferably sports. Choose the most suitable exercise at high pressure to help a doctor.