How to teach a child to read? Are there any universal method? It is obvious that without the ability to read in the modern world can not live, and even school children have not mastered reading, extremely reluctant to take. But at what age to learn to read and how to do it, many parents are quite vague.

The best age to start learning

Many parents try to teach their children to read as soon as possible. But, according to neurologists, it is better not to hurry with training. A child's brain development occurs gradually. If you teach a child to what he is not yet ready to learn, it can lead to fatigue, hyperactivity and excessive excitation. And too much insistence of parents who want to teach their child to read, can permanently discourage the child from this type of activity.

The child does not need to learn how to read two or three years. Typically, such an early training need parents who are proud of themselves, capable of showing around the baby. But the ability to read - it is not only the ability to put the letters into syllables, the syllables in words, and words - in the proposal. It is also the ability to understand the text read, digest it. And this ability in a child two years yet.

Of course, this does not mean that the baby's first encounter with the letters should happen before the school, or even in the first grade. But demand from the year-old crumbs to read whole sentences would be somewhat premature. The baby begins to show the letters can be as early as two years. At this age, he will be happy to build a tower out of blocks, bearing the letters and corresponding pictures. During the game, the letters will be gradually memorized.

Go directly to reading only when the child is ready for it. Identify physiological readiness of the baby, which occurs around the age of four or five years, it is possible for a number of grounds:

• The baby is fully formed it, he not only says whole sentences, but also can make of these proposals connected text;
• The child has no serious problems speech therapy;
• Child is able to recognize sounds in the beginning, middle and end of words, it is sufficiently developed phonemic hearing.

Where to begin?

Many parents make one serious mistake: they are first taught the child the names of letters, not the sounds that the letters stand for. That is, for example, the letter "M" is called "Um" and the letter "W" - "Sha". This method is called by adding letters. This approach is totally wrong, it is very difficult to further reading. A child who has learned the names of the letters, trying to put them into syllables like this: "Uh-A-M-A", while the child, who was taught by zvukobukvennoy procedure briefly read "M-A-M-A."

Zvukobukvennaya technique involves the introduction of a baby in the first place with the sounds. After that, the child learns to analyze sounds in the composition of words and relate them to the letter designations. This technique is recognized as the most effective, so when buying a first primer for the baby, it is desirable that this primer is right for such training.

The procedure for the study of sounds and letters is also important. You must first learn the vowel sounds, then move on to solid voiced consonant, and then - to the sounds of hissing and muffled. Typically, Primer letters are in this order.

The sounds and syllables

Having learned the first notes, you can already move on to the reading of syllables. Initially, the child can be difficult to understand how to combine sounds into syllables. And then do not get help from visual images. For example, these pictures may be displayed letters, running one behind the other.

To begin to integrate better into syllables vowels and letters. Vowels can be dragged and even sing - accordingly, their association with each other will not be difficult. The first of the vowels, which teaches the child - it's "A" and "U". When combining vowels mastered, you can move on to more complex syllables, consisting of vowels and consonants.

It is better to devote more time to reading syllables to hang entrenched. After that, you can gradually move on to reading words.

Reading words

For the development of reading the words again, useful visual image. Those preparing children for school are advised to draw, for example, a train with carriages. The carriages are arranged syllables, which are connected to the word.

First, it is desirable to choose simpler words such as "Mo-lo-ko", "Ko-ro-wa," or even, "KRO-to-Deal". A word which is obtained at the junction of two syllables or more consonants, better left for later. Over time, the baby can cope with them, but the basic principle of learning to read, as well as any other training - to go from simple to complex.

Does the child read?

In the old days, when there were no computers, no TV, no electronic toys, reading was a very popular pastime. But not all of today's children love to read, even if you know how to do it. Desire to learn to read, too many children there, why learn to put letters in syllables, if you can just turn on the computer?

This is typical of human nature - no one will choose the difficult path, if there is a way easier. Of course, reading is more difficult than to hear or watch videos. Still no reading is necessary. What can we do to a child wanted to learn to read first, and then read it?

Numerous studies have conclusively proven: in families where the parents love to read, children also grow up to read. And the first thing you need to do in order to interest the child reading - read aloud to him. From early childhood. A variety of books. Better, of course, to choose a really good books, age-appropriate. But in any case it is necessary to read regularly. TV and the computer is best to limit.

When a child begins to read slowly, syllable by syllable, you can go to a small trick. For example, to stop reading a new book on the most interesting place and ask the kid to read, what's next. To begin with he shall read a couple of sentences - because reading gives him more easily. In the future, the amount of text for independent reading is increasing, and now - the child is already reading itself.

Maria Bykov

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