Being in constant interaction with the outside world, from the earliest years of a child builds their social identity. What are the stages of this process?

Learning to live in a society

Socialization is the process when the child learns the norms and values ​​of the society in which it develops. And it's happening sooner than we think - from the birth of a baby comes into the world, whose rules he has to accept and respect. Month after month, he builds his social personality. And this is most effective when the baby is developing in the group, but at the outset it is important to recognize their own identity.

From the moment of birth the child understands the uniqueness and eventually separated from his mother - it is an indisputable law, without which it is impossible to identify the beginning of the social.

Then the child gets acquainted with the other children in the family, with relatives who surround him. This society promotes socialization from an early age, because it is communicating, interacting with others, the child develops communication skills, building a relationship with people.

2-8 months

During the period of between two and eight months of life, the child begins to separate itself from the others with the help of a smile, which is a response to someone else's action. So runs the socialization. In about six months, when the child is crawling, he makes the first steps in dealing with other children in the game.

At six months, the baby is clearly distinguished by their parents and other people. Approximately eight months may see the phenomenon as a fear of strangers. By this time he was very sensitively distinguish who is next to him - someone his or someone else's. With eight months, when the baby crawls. It may be close to who he likes. Smiles at him, touch him - this is the most important stage of socialization. At the same time, there is jealousy Management of jealousy .

8 months-4 years

Over time, the child is becoming more difficult to sit still. First, he creeps, and then begins to walk, with the interest to study the world around them. In the 12-18 months the child is already walking, and his life begins a new stage - he is becoming more independent, but at the same time continuing to learn to live in society by playing with other children and with their parents.

In three or four years, outlines the boundaries of personal space. For example, the child can choose - to play in a group or alone. For four years the relations within the group of children become more structured.

6-13 years

In the coming 6-7 years the most important stage in a child's life - he begins to learn, constantly surrounded by peers and adults. During this period, the child already exists the concept of friendship, respect for the other person.

In 8 years manifested empathy - understanding the other person's ability to mentally put yourself in his place. In ten years it achieved a certain autonomy, which will then be amplified, a sense of justice, sense of lies.
  In 10-11 years, the child becomes a circle of friends, his own company, both among schoolmates and peers outside of school. He learns to respect the law, which is based chat.
  In twelve years, absorbed the rules of conduct that are acceptable and not acceptable in society.

Boys and girls

After childhood, a period of adolescence. The child has grown up and learned enough of the rules of life in society. Teens begin to separate a separate themselves from their parents, which can occur both unobtrusive and quite painful, depending on its nature and family. But girls and boys different stages take place in different rhythms.

Period contrasting himself around girls occurs in 12-13 years in boys - 14-15. It is a time of denial, which can be compared with the "no" and "I do not want" at the age of two years.

Later in adolescents comes a time when they need affirmation. In girls, it is 13-16 years in boys - 15-17 years. Teens actively oppose themselves to the society in which they live, demanding respect for themselves, their desires, insisting on its own adulthood and independence. This is a very difficult time for adolescents themselves and their parents. The latter's role is very important because they need to win back the trust of their children, providing them with support.

Give a chance for sociability

Parents play a major role in the process of socialization of the child. Family - is indisputably the main place where he gets a sample and skills with others. Customization of the child begins at a time when it is in its infancy. Gradually, he is growing and developing, preparing to separation from his mother, who in the first months of life is almost never leaves him, and all the time there. But in the future, the mother should allow the child to be independent and express their identity and build relationships with other people. To do this, there are clubs, sections, where the child can play sports, theater, dance and other forms of collective action. This will not only skills, but also develop a child's self-esteem.

To help a shy child

Shy, shyness, lack of confidence, low self-esteem has always come from the family. If a child teased the older brothers and sisters, parents, is blocked, there is a feeling of fear of communicating with other people and unwillingness to start dialogue and develop in society.

The role of parents in tackling this problem is given the first place. They have to do everything to facilitate the child's communication with friends, its rotation among their peers to encourage his initiatives, develop intelligence, to focus on the collective activity.

What should you do to parents that their child is not kept to himself? First of all, never in his presence did not tell him anything that humiliates him. On the contrary, it should be strongly encouraged him to show his pride and contentment, without criticizing, and not showing too high expectations.

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