Lipoic acid

Lipoic acid - a unique defense against free radicals. Lipoic acid is dissolved in the fat and water. After penetrating the cell membrane lipoic acid is split into dihydrofolic acid, which is also an antioxidant.

Alpha-lipoic acid is also involved in the processing of other important antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and glutathione.

Ubiquinone

Ubiquinone, also known as coenzyme (CoA) Q, is a fat-soluble quinone derivative. It is found in the mitochondria and is used for the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which increases energy. It is found that ubiquinone reduces the peroxidation of LDL more efficiently than vitamin Vitamins for everyone   E.

Niacinamide

Niacinamide (nicotinamide) - the primary amide, which belongs to the B-group vitamins. It is used in the prevention and treatment of pellagra. Niacinamide does not cause peripheral redness that occurs in the treatment of nicotinic acid. This is one of the newest vitamins in the market. Studies in vitro have shown antitumor activity in keratinocytes niacinamide and UV-B inhibition fotokartsinogeneza. The main reason for interest in niacinamide is its stability. Niacinamide is stable in the presence of oxygen, acids and high temperatures. In addition, its production does not require high financial costs. Most of its known effects are the result of intensive renovation of the epidermis and exfoliate dead cells. When topically applied kinetin and niacinamide have a synergistic effect against aging of the skin (the study was conducted in China).

DMAE

Means for topical application containing dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), famous for its properties to improve skin elasticity and remove its slack. DMAE was used as a food additive, and in that capacity contributed to the improvement of mental activity and enhance physical performance, partly due to its ability to increase the amount of neurotransmitters responsible for muscle stimulation. Dimethylaminoethanol can reduce cross-linking of proteins that occurs during the aging process Internal and external aging: it is necessary to think in advance And thus acts as a free radical catalyst. Dimethylaminoethanol also increases the activity of these enzymes in a dose dependent manner, only particulates of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 6.

Spin traps

Spin traps free radicals - a connection ("scavengers"), used for the detection and identification of short-lived free radicals. They react with reactive free radicals, whereby they become sufficiently stable and inert, preventing damage to the cellular components by free radicals. Note the following spin traps:

• DMPO (5, 5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide);
• DEPMPO (5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide);
• TEMPONE-H (1-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine).

Melatonin

Melatonin, a hormone of the pineal gland, has antimutagenic and onkostaticheskim action. This beneficial effect of melatonin due to its ability to neutralize free radicals and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. It is found that melatonin reduces erythema caused by ultraviolet radiation.

Catalase

Catalase, an enzyme that is present in almost all human cells, catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. A large amount of this enzyme in the skin may have antioxidant activity.

Glutathione

Glutathione - tripeptide glutamic acid, cysteine ​​and glycine. It is found in all active tissues of living creatures. It is of vital importance as an antioxidant; after UV irradiation amount of glutathione significantly reduced.

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